{"product_id":"f-hudson-john-the-common-agricultural-policy-of-the-european-community-november-1973-classic-reprint-9780260503022","title":"The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Community: November 1973 (Classic Reprint)","description":"Excerpt from The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Community\u0026lt;br\/\u0026gt;\u0026lt;br\/\u0026gt;When the European Community (ec) was established in 1958, it was apparent that a single system of farm support and protection would be necessary to create the conditions of competition that would permit trade between the member states (germany, France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) to develop, and duties and restrictions between the member states to be removed. The system which the EC then devised in known as the Common Agricultural Policy (cap). In joining the EC in 1973, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Ireland agreed to implement the cap beginning in 1973, 'and to adjust their price levels and customs charges to common levels over 5 years ending in 1978. The first cap regulations were established in 1962 and covered grains, poultry, pork, eggs, and fruit and vegetables. Regulations for beef, milk, and rice followed in 1964; fats and oils in 1966 and 1967; sugar in 1967 and 1968; and more recently tobacco, wine, hops, seeds, ?ax, silk, and fish. The cap is perhaps most easily understood in terms of three principles: common pricing, Community preference, and common financing. Common pricing is the regulation of prices, Community-wide but not necessarily at a single level, in order to permit and promote free trade between members. No restraint is placed on production. Community preference is the organization of Community markets so that domestic products will always be cheaper than the corresponding import. The two most common devices employed to this end are minimum import prices and subsidies on domestic products. Common financing is the obligation of the Community to pay whatever is required to meet the costs of unlimited support. For two-thirds of EC production  grains, rice, sugar, olive oil, and the main animal products  common pricing and Community preference are achieved through the variable levy system.","brand":"Forgotten Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53711102738774,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0925\/5829\/5382\/files\/product_image_9780260503022_1_006b65ad-174c-44d5-b4f0-60e5554dec81.jpg?v=1781764386","url":"https:\/\/www.momoxbooks.com\/products\/f-hudson-john-the-common-agricultural-policy-of-the-european-community-november-1973-classic-reprint-9780260503022","provider":"momoxbooks","version":"1.0","type":"link"}